@article {1996,
	title = {Chemical composition and fungicidal activity of commercial essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2004},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Chemical composition and fungicidal activity of commercial essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L                         - Zambonelli, A; D{\textquoteright}Aulerio, A Z; Severi, A; Benvenuti, S; Maggi, L; Bianchi, A )                
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {69 - 74},
	address = {Affiliation: DPVA, Via Filippo Re 8, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Affiliation: DMPOB, Viale Caduti in Guerra, 127, 41100 Modena, Italy; Affiliation: Dipto. di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy; Affiliation: Ist. Biologia Evolutiva Funzion},
	abstract = {<p>The antifungal activity of commercial Thymus vulgaris oils on the development of mycelium of the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magn.) Briosi et Cav. was studied. The gas chromatography data showed that the essential oils were rich in thymol (22-38\%) and its biogenetic precursors \&gamma;-terpinene and p-cymene. The carvacrol content was relatively low in all the oils tested, ranging between 1\% and 2\%. The fungicidal activity of the oils was correlated with their thymol content. The principal chemical components of thyme oils were then tested using the same concentrations as in the thyme oils. Only the fungicidal activity of thymol was high and close to that of the oils with the same thymol content. The effects of the thyme oils and thymol on the hyphae cytomorphology of the studied fungi was an increased vacuolization of the cytoplasm and accumulation of lipid bodies, undulations of the plasmalemma, and alterations of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.</p>
},
	keywords = {Antifungal activity, Essential oil composition, Labiatae, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris, Ultrastructure},
	doi = {10.1080/10412905.2004.9698653},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1242310478\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Zambonelli, A and D{\textquoteright}Aulerio, A Z and Severi, A and Benvenuti, S and Maggi, L and Bianchi, A}
}
@article {1999,
	title = {Population variability in Thymus glabrescens Willd. from Serbia: Morphology, anatomy and essential oil composition},
	journal = {Archives of Biological Sciences},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2008},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Population variability in Thymus glabrescens Willd. from Serbia: Morphology, anatomy and essential oil composition                         - Daji{\'c}-Stevanovi{\'c}, Z; {\v S}o{\v s}tari{\'c}, I; Marin, P D; Stojanovi{\'c}, D; Risti{\'c}, M; Dajic-Stevanovic, Zora; Sostaric, I; Stojanovic, D; Ristic, M )                
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {475 - 483},
	abstract = {In five indigenous populations of Thymus glabrescens Willd. collected in the region of Banat (Serbia), the variability on leaf morphological traits, leaf and stem anatomy, and composition of the essential oil was studied. The major component in the studied populations was either thymol or γ-terpinene. Distinct differentiation of populations with respect to chemical composition of essential oils might be related to spatial distribution of the studied populations. No correlations between morphology, anatomy, and essential oil yield and composition were determined. Both capitate and peltate glandular trichomes were found on calyces, whereas the latter were noticed on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surface.},
	keywords = {17, 4, 575, 581, 615, 929, Anatomy, cluster analysis, Essential oils, glandular trichomes, Morphology, Thymol, Thymus glabrescens, udc 582, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0803475dhttp://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/Article.aspx?ID=0354-46640803475D},
	author = {Zora, DS and {\v S}o{\v s}tari{\'c}, I and Marin, PD and Stojanovi{\'c}, D and Risti{\'c}, M}
}
@article {1982,
	title = {Influence of modified oxygen and carbon dioxide atmospheres on mint and thyme plant growth, morphogenesis and secondary metabolism in vitro},
	journal = {Plant Cell Reports},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2002},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Influence of modified oxygen and carbon dioxide atmospheres on mint and thyme plant growth, morphogenesis and secondary metabolism in vitro                         - Tisserat, B; Vaughn, S F; Silman, R )                
},
	month = {2002/03//},
	pages = {912 - 916},
	address = {Affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Fermentation Biotechnology Research Unit, 1815 N University St., Peoria, IL 61604, United States; Affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Cen},
	abstract = {Growth (fresh weight) and morphogenesis (production of leaves, roots and shoots) of mint (Mentha sp. L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) shoots were determined under atmospheres of 5\%, 10\%, 21\%, 32\%, or 43\% O2 with either 350 or 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2. Plants were grown in vitro on Murashige and Skoog salts, 3\% sucrose and 0.8\% agar under a 16/8-h (day/night) photoperiod with a light intensity of 180 μmol s-1 m-2. Growth and morphogenesis responses varied considerably for the two plant species tested depending on the level of O2 administered. Growth was considerably enhanced for both species under all O2 levels tested when 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 was added as compared to growth responses obtained at the same O2 levels tested with 350 μmol mol-1 CO2. Mint shoots exhibited high growth and morphogenesis responses for all O2 levels tested with 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2. In contrast, thyme shoots exhibited enhanced growth and morphogenesis when cultured in >=21\% O2 with 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 included compared to shoots cultured under lower O2 levels. Essential oil compositions (i.e. monoterpene, piperitenone oxide from mint and aromatic phenol, thymol from thyme) were analyzed from CH2Cl2 extracts via gas chromatography from the shoot portion of plants grown at all O2 levels. The highest levels of thymol were produced from thyme shoots cultured under 10\% and 21\% O2 with 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 and levels were considerably lower in shoots grown under either lower or higher O2 levels. Higher levels of piperitenone oxide were obtained from mint cultures grown under >=21\% O2 with 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 compared to that obtained with lower O2 levels.},
	keywords = {CO2 enrichment, Lamiaceae, Mentha sp., Thymol, Thymus sativa},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036218904\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Tisserat, B and Vaughn, S F and Silman, R}
}
@article {1984,
	title = {Essential oil of thymus zygioides var. lycaonicus from Greece},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {442 - 443},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zographou, 157 71 Athens, Greece},
	abstract = {The essential oil of the aerial parts of Thymus zygioides var. lycaonicus from Greece was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-seven compounds representing 99.8\% of the total oil were identified. The major constituents were p-cymene (19.4\%), thymol (19.5\%) and γ-terpinene (17.2\%). {\textcopyright} 2008 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus zygioides var. lycaonicus, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-52949149660\&partnerID=40\&md5=36e47726a1ee5672a2dbac51ac7c6ac6},
	author = {Tzakou, O and Couladis, M}
}
@article {1957,
	title = {The composition of Thymus serpyllum L. Oil},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {184 - 185},
	address = {Affiliation: Res. Inst. of Forests and Rangelands, P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran; Affiliation: Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Tehran, Iran},
	abstract = {The essential oils isolated by steam distillation from the aerial parts of Thymus serpyllum, before flowering and at full flowering stage were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Among the 34 compounds identified, the major components were γ-terpinene (21.9\% and 22.7\%), p-cymene (21.1\% and 20.7\%), thymol (18.7\% and 18.7\%) and germacrene D (6.0\% and 5.1\%) before flowering and at full flowering stage, respectively.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Lamiaceae, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus serpyllum, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2442448614\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Sefidkon, F and Dabiri, M and Mirmostafa, S A}
}
@article {1958,
	title = {Essential oil variability of Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2005},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {521 - 524},
	address = {Affiliation: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, PO Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran; Affiliation: Research Center of Natural Resources and Animal Husbandry, Hamedan, Iran; Affiliation: Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran},
	abstract = {Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas, at full flowering stage, from various locations in central and west Iran. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analyses of the oils revealed that the major components, linalool (1.8-60.4\%), geraniol (trace-50.5\%) and thymol (1.6-58.4\%), varied widely. Based on the variation in oil composition between the various taxa, the existence of three chemotypes is proposed. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2005 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Chemotypes, Essential oil polymorphism, Geraniol, Labiatae, Linalool, Thymol, Thymus eriocalyx},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-24744446270\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Sefidkon, F and Kalvandi, R and Atri, M and Barazandeh, M M}
}
@article {1962,
	title = {Antimicrobial activity of commercial samples of thyme and marjoram oils},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {698 - 703},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu̧ pl. 19, LT-50015 Kaunas, Lithuania; Affiliation: Food Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Taikos pr. 92, LT-3031 Kaunas, Lithuania},
	abstract = {Commercial samples of thyme and marjoram oils were analyzed by capillary GC and coupled GC/MS. The anti-microbial activity of each oil was assessed against 10 different bacteria and eight strains of yeasts. p-Cymene (25.2\%), thymol (31.4\%) and carvacrol (3.8\%) were important compounds in the oil of thyme, while limonene (17.3\%), linalool (15.5\%), terpinen-4-ol (7.3\%), α-terpineol (13.0\%) and linalyl acetate (14.1\%) were major constituents in marjoram oil. Thyme oil possessed remarkable antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, while marjoram oil demonstrated a lower antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of oils was higher against yeasts than bacteria. {\textcopyright} 2006 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Antimicrobial Activity, Essential oil composition, Labiatae, Linalool, linalyl acetate, Origanum majorana, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris, α-terpineol},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33751253113\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Šipailiene, A and Venskutonis, P R and Baranauskiene, R and Šarkinas, A}
}
@article {1948,
	title = {Volatile oil variability in Thymus serpylloides ssp. gadorensis growing wild in Southeastern spain},
	journal = {Biochemical Systematics and Ecology},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2001},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Volatile oil variability in Thymus serpylloides ssp. gadorensis growing wild in Southeastern spain                         - Saez, F )                
},
	month = {2001/02//},
	pages = {189 - 198},
	address = {Affiliation: Geology Department, Fac. of Math. and Natural Sciences, Bergen University, Allégaten 41, 5007-Bergen, Norway},
	abstract = {Volatile oils from single plants of Thymus serpylloides ssp. gadorensis were collected from Southeastern Spain and studied to check for chemical variability using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Many of the samples showed a phenolic chemotype, while another important group had significant levels of linalool. Geraniol, myrcene, caryophyllene oxide, terpinen-4-o1 and 1,8-cineole were commonly present. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) of this chemical variability separated two groups of plants characterized by either phenols or linalool, and an isolated third type with geraniol. A few samples were found to have both phenolic and non-phenolic compounds in high quantities, thus showing a mixed chemotype. Multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS) of the percentage concentration for each component of the essential oil showed that thymol, linalool, 1,8-cineole, borneol and geraniol have clear divergent vectors. {\textcopyright} 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.},
	keywords = {caryophyllene oxide, Essential oil, Geraniol, Lamiaceae, Linalool, Myrcene, Thymol, Thymus serpylloides ssp. gadorensis},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035177231\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Saez, F}
}
@inbook {1943,
	title = {Toxicity of naturally occurring compounds of Lamiaceae and Lauraceae to three stored-product insects},
	booktitle = {Journal of Stored Products Research},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {349 - 355},
	address = {Affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, University of J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Affiliation: Diatom Research and Consulting Inc., 14 Greenwich Dr, Guelph, Ont. N1H 8B8, Canada},
	abstract = {The compounds 1,8-cineole, camphor, eugenol, linalool, carvacrol, thymol, borneol, bornyl acetate and linalyl acetate occur naturally in the essential oils of the aromatic plants Lavandula angustifolia, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris and Laurus nobilis. These compounds were evaluated for fumigant activity against adults of Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. The insecticidal activities varied with insect species, compound and the exposure time. The most sensitive species was S. oryzae, followed by Rhyzopertha dominica. Tribolium castaneum was highly tolerant of the tested compounds. 1,8-Cineole, borneol and thymol were highly effective against S. oryzae when applied for 24 h at the lowest dose (0.1 μl/720 ml volume). For Rhyzopertha dominica camphor and linalool were highly effective and produced 100\% mortality in the same conditions. Against Tribolium castaneum no oil compounds achieved more than 20\% mortality after exposure for 24 h, even with the highest dose (100 μl/720 ml volume). However, after 7 days exposure 1,8-cineole produced 92.5\% mortality, followed by camphor (77.5\%) and linalool (70.0\%). These compounds may be suitable as fumigants because of their high volatility, effectiveness, and their safety. {\textcopyright} 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {1, 8-cineole, Borneol, Bornyl acetate, Camphor, Carvacrol, Eugenol, Fumigant toxicity, Linalool, linalyl acetate, Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Thymol, Tribolium castaneum, Wheat},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34547837496\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Rozman, V and Kalinovic, I and Korunic, Z}
}
@article {1927,
	title = {Essential oil polymorphism of wild growing Hungarian thyme (Thymus pannonicus) populations in the Carpathian Basin},
	journal = {Natural Product Communications},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {1681 - 1686},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Corvinus University of Budapest, Vill{\'a}nyi {\'u}t 29, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; Correspondence Address: Pluh{\'a}r, Z.; Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Corvinus University of Budapest, Vill{\'a}n},
	abstract = {The volatile oil compositions of Thymus pannonicus All. from nineteen different localities of Hungary were analyzed by GC/MS. The essential oil content of the Hungarian thyme samples varied between very low (0.14 mL/100 g DW) and fairly high (1.9 mL/100 g DW) values. Significant essential oil polymorphism was found: altogether twelve chemovarieties may have been determined, representing a way of adaptation to different habitat conditions. The main volatile compound of chemotype 1 was thymol (24.6-67.5\%), while in the case of chemotype 2, thymol (36.5-63.7\%) and p-cymene (11.5-27.3\%) predominated. Thymol (28.4-63.7\%), p-cymene (11.5-31.8\%) and γ-terpinene (9.7-20.9\%) were identified as the chief monoterpenes of chemotype 3, while chemotype 4 contained thymol (36.5\%), p-cymene (27.3\%) and neral (11.2\%). Chemotype 5 accumulated thymol (38.5\%), p-cymene (20.6\%), γ-terpinene (12.0\%) and β-bisabolene (10.3\%) as its main volatiles. The oil of chemotype 6 can be characterized by thymol (41.9\%), p-cymene (20.2\%), isoborneol (10.3\%) and {\~a}-terpinene (9.9\%), while that of chemotype 7 consisted of thymol (27.7\%), linalyl acetate (18.8\%), γ-terpinene (18.6\%) and α-cubebene (13.9\%). In the oil of chemotype 8, p-cymene (45.0\%), geraniol (13.6\%) and linalyl acetate (9.9\%) were found in higher percentages, while chemotype 9 mainly produced linalyl acetate (36.2\%) and geranyl acetate (20.2\%). Chemotype 10 accumulated germacrene-D (43.4) and β-caryophyllene (15.0\%), while the oil of chemotype 11 contained caryophyllene oxide (45.2\%), α-cubebene (15.7\%) and linalool (13.8\%) in high proportions. Germacrene-D (29.7\%), β-caryophyllene (22.0\%) and farnesol (10.4\%) were identified as main essential oil compounds of chemotype 12. The last nine chemotypes were new for the literature, while the first seven contained thymol as their chief compound. The role of certain sesquiterpenes was found to be considerable.},
	keywords = {alpha cubebene, alpha thujene, article, beta elemene, beta pinene, camphene, Camphor, Carvacrol, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, Chemotype, cineole, Diversity, Ecosystem, Essential oil, farnesol, gamma muurolene, Geraniol, Germacrene D, habitat, herbaceous agent, humulene, Hungary, isoborneol, limonene, Linalool, linalyl acetate, ocimene, Oils, para cymene, pinene, sesquiterpene, Sesquiterpenes, T cadinol, terpinene, terpineol, Thyme, thyme oil, Thymol, Thymus, Thymus pannonicus, Thymus Plant, Thymus vulgaris, unclassified drug, Volatile},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957924069\&partnerID=40\&md5=6024b3154737d662a6c54cc3d16c1532},
	author = {Pluh{\'a}r, Z and S{\'a}rosi, S and Pint{\'e}r, A and Simk{\'o}, H}
}
@article {1923,
	title = {Essential Oil of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Grown in Cuba},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2},
	month = {1997///},
	address = {Affiliation: Inst. Invest. la Indust. Alimenticia, Carr. del Guatao Km 31/2, C. Habana 19200, Cuba; Affiliation: Centro de Invesigación, Asistencia en Tecnologia, Diseño del Estado Dejalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Affiliation: Inst. de Invest.},
	abstract = {Water-Distilled volatiles of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) grown in Cuba were analyzed by GC/MS. Among the 25 compounds identified, thymol (34.60\%), γ-terpinene (17.61\%) and p-cymene (17.65\%) were the mjaor constituents.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris L., γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0007407314\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Pino, J A and Estarrôn, M and Fuentes, V}
}
@article {1908,
	title = {A comparison between the oil and supercritical carbon dioxide extract of Hungarian wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.)},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {333 - 335},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Budapest, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Institute of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University of Medicine, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary},
	abstract = {Two samples of wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.), which were collected from different locations in Hungary, were subjected to CO2 extraction and oil isolation by hydrodistillation. Using GC and GC/MS as the method of analysis their compositions were compared. Analysis revealed that the oils and extracts contained the same components although they differed quantitatively. The concentration of p-cymene, borneol, nerol and carvacrol was higher in the distilled oil than in the volatile concentrate obtained by SFE.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, CO2 extract composition, Essential oil composition, Lamiaceae, Thymol, Thymus serpyllum, Wild thyme},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030148197\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Oszagyán, M and Simándi, B and Sawinsky, J and Kéry, Á}
}
@article {1901,
	title = {Effects of spacing and harvesting time on herbage yield and quality/quantity of oil in thyme, Thymus vulgaris L.},
	journal = {Industrial Crops and Products},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 8},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {231 - 236},
	address = {Affiliation: Inst. Med. Plants Nat. Prod. Res., Iranian Acad. Ctr. Educ., Culture R., Bozorg. St., Qods St., Enghelab Ave., Tehran, Iran; Affiliation: ACECR-Shaheed Beheshtii Unit, Tehran, Iran},
	abstract = {Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is member of Lamiaceae family, which distributes in different areas of Meditranea and Asia. Thyme volatile phenolic oil has been reported to be among the top 10 essential oils, showing antibacterial, antimycotic, antioxidative, natural food preservative, and mammalian age delaying properties. It has been known that agronomical factors have a great effect on both quality and quantity of essential metabolites. For this reason, it is necessary to determine optimum levels of agronomical factors affecting plant growth and production. Planting space and time of harvesting are the most important agronomical factors. This study has been conducted in Research farm of ACECR, Institute of Medicinal Plants \& Natural Products Research along 1999-2000 on the base of factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications. Thyme is cultivated in rows of 50cm apart with inter-row spacing of 15, 30 or 45cm. Plants are harvested in three stages, i.e. the beginning of blooming, full blooming and fruit set. In order to study the effects of plants space and time of harvesting, plant height, plant diameter, yields of dry and fresh herbage, content (\%) and yield of oil, thymol and carvacrol were measured. Planting space had significant effect on plant diameter (P<0.05) and very significant effect (P<0.01) on other measured parameters except oil content, which was not significant. Time of harvest had significant effect on yield of fresh herbage, content of oil and content of carvacrol (P<0.05). Its effect on other parameters was very significant (P<0.01) except dry herbage and oil yield. The maximum yield of dry and fresh herbage, yield and content of oil and thymol yield were obtained in 15cm space and beginning of blooming stage. Maximum thymol content was observed in the beginning of blooming and 45cm space. However, 15cm spacing and harvesting in the beginning of blooming was the best treatment in respect of yield of dry matter, oil and thymol per unit area. {\textcopyright} 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Dry matter, Oil, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1842787835\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {NaghdiBadi, H and Yazdani, D and Ali, S M and Nazari, F}
}
@article {1892,
	title = {Seasonal variation in essential oil yield and composition from naturalized Thymus vulgaris L. in New Zealand},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {9},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 25},
	month = {1994///},
	pages = {347 - 352},
	address = {Affiliation: Redbank Research Station, New Zealand Inst. Crop Food Res. Ltd, PO Box 42, Clyde, New Zealand},
	abstract = {The seasonal variation in essential oil yield and composition from naturalized Thymus vulgaris L, in Central Otago, New Zealand, is reported. Essential oil yield (l/ha), from replicated, pilot-scale distillations, was influenced by both the held production of herb and the essential oil content of the herb. The oil yield peaked at 22.8 l/ha in December, after flowering had finished. Essential oil composition also varied significantly during the 13-month sampling period. Levels of the phenolic components, thymol and carvacrol, peaked at a total of 37\% after flowering in summer (December and January). p-Cymene was an important component of Central Otago thyme oils and ranged from 40\% to 50\% in winter and early spring (May to October), declining to 21\% in January. To maximize yields and phenol content of the oil, naturalized thyme in Central Otago should be harvested after flowering has finished in December.},
	keywords = {Essential oil, GC-MS, Lamiaceae, P-cymene, Seasonal variation, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris L},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028578069\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {McGimpsey, J A and Douglas, M H and VanKlink, J W and Beauregard, D A and Perry, N B}
}
@article {1895,
	title = {Chemical composition of essential oil from Thymus vulgaris hybrid},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {404 - 405},
	address = {Affiliation: Res. Inst. of Forests and Rangelands, Department of Phytochemistry, PO Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran},
	abstract = {A sample of essential oil obtained from aerial parts of the Thymus vulgaris hybrid known as {\textquoteright}Porlock{\textquoteright} (Labiatae) was examined by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-five compounds were identified representing about 94\% of the oil with thymol (39.1\%), β-caryophyllene (11.1\%) and p-cymene (10.5\%) as major constituents.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris hybrid, β-caryophyllene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0345016020\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Mirza, M and Baher, Z F}
}
@article {1871,
	title = {The selection of Thymus vulgaris cultivars to grow in Canada},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {337 - 342},
	address = {Affiliation: Horticultural Research Centre, Department of Plant Science, Fac. of Agric. and Food Laval Univ., Qué., G1K 7P4, Canada; Affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Deutschhauserstr. 17A, Germany; Affili},
	abstract = {Five different cultivars of Thymus vulgaris originating from various geographical sources (Canada, Germany, former GDR and Spain) were organically cultivated in the fields in Quebec, Canada. The oils obtained through steam distillation of the dried leaves from each cultivar varied from 1.38\% to 2.04\%, depending on the cultivar used. The highest oil content was obtained from cv "Madrid" followed by "RH-1" and "Laval-1." More than 95\% of the oil, with a total of approximately 22 components were identified in the samples. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the main group of constituents in all cultivars. Cultivar "Laval-1," recently developed in Quebec, "Madrid" from Spain and "RH-1 " from Germany were established to belong to thymol-chemotypes. Cultivar "QDLB" characterized by its content of thymol (approximately 39\%), carvacrol (17\%) and linalool (3.5\%), in the oil, was also found to belong to "thymor-chemotypes, while "RH-2" with carvacrol (40\%) was found to be a carvacrol-chemotype. Though none of the cultivars had the desired levels of linalool content, "Laval-1" and "RH-1" were found to be prospective cultivars for field commercial organic cultivation in Canada. {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Chemotypes, Essential oil composition, Lamiaceae, Organic cultivation, P-cymene, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0347421484\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Letchamo, W and Gosselin, A and Hoelzl, J and Marquard, R}
}
@article {1865,
	title = {Food-borne pathogens, health and role of dietary phytochemicals},
	journal = {Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 22},
	month = {1998///},
	pages = {270 - 276},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amtierst, MA, United States},
	abstract = {Infectious diseases transmitted by food have become a major public health concern in recent years. In the USA alone, there are an estimated 6-33 million cases each year. The list of responsible agents continues to grow. In the past 20 years some dozen new pathogens that are primarily food-borne have been identified. Fruits and vegetables, often from the global food market, have been added to the traditional vehicles of food-borne illness; that is, undercooked meat, poultry, seafood, or unpasteurized milk. Such products are minimally processed and have fewer barriers to microbial growth such as salt, sugar or preservatives. The evolution of the epidemiology of food-borne illness requires a rethinking of traditional, though still valid, solutions for their prevention. Among various strategies to prevent food-borne pathogens, use of dietary phytochemicals is promising. The major obstacle in the use of dietary phytochemical is the consistency of phytochemicals in different foods due to their natural genetic variation. We have developed a novel tissue-culture-based selection strategy to isolate elite phenolic phytochemical-producing clonal lines of species belonging to the family Lamiaceae. Among several species we have targeted elite clonal lines of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) against Escherichia coli and Closiridiiim perfrigens in fresh and processed meats. We are also evaluating high phenolic profile-containing clonal lines of basil (Ocimitm basilicum) to inhibit gastric ulcer-causing Helicobacter pylori. Other elite lines of the members of the family Lamiaceae, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and salvia (Salvia officinalis) also hold promise against a wide range of food pathogens such as Salmonella species in poultry products and Vibrio species in seafood.},
	keywords = {Antimicrobials, Carvacrol, Diet, Food-borne pathogens, Herbs, Lamiaceae, Phytochemicals, Plant biotechnology, Thyme, Thymol},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-22444453503\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Labbe, R G}
}
@article {1837,
	title = {Essential oil composition of three cultivated Thymus chemotypes from Hungary},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {315 - 317},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Üllõi út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hunga},
	abstract = {The essential oils of three Hungarian cultivated thymes (Thymus vulgarts L., Thymus {\texttimes} citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb, Thymus {\texttimes} citriodorus "archer{\textquoteright}s gold") were obtained by steam distillation of air-dried plant materials and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Three different chemotypes were found. In the oil of T. vulgarts thymol (45.6\%), in T. {\texttimes} citriodorus geraniol (39.2\%) and in T. {\texttimes} citriodorus, "archer{\textquoteright}s gold," carvacrol (43.5\%) was the main component. Among the other constituents, p-cymene, β-caryophyllene, geranial, 1,8-cineole and γ-terpinene were characterized. {\textcopyright} 2006 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil composition, Geraniol, Lamiaceae, Thymol, Thymus {\texttimes} citriodorus, Thymus {\texttimes} citriodorus "archer{\textquoteright}s gold,", Thymus vulgaris},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33646738727\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Horváth, G and Szabó, L G and Héthelyi, É and Lemberkovics, É}
}
@article {1807,
	title = {Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and In Vitro Antioxidant Properties of Monarda citriodora var. citriodora, Myristica fragrans, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, Pelargonium sp. and Thymus zygis Oils},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2004},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and In Vitro Antioxidant Properties of Monarda citriodora var. citriodora, Myristica fragrans, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, Pelargonium sp. and Thymus zygis Oils                         - Dorman, H J D; Deans, S G )                
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {145 - 150},
	address = {Affiliation: 7 Dalhowan St. Crosshill By Maybole, South Ayrshire KA19 7RN, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Monarda citriodora var. citriodora, Myristica fragrans, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, Pelargonium sp. and Thymus zygis were screened for antioxidative properties in a lipid-rich matrix as quantified by spectrophotometry using iron (II) sulphate and 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as sources of primordial free radicals. Furthermore, the antimicrobial properties of M. fragrans, O. vulgare, Pelargonium sp. and T. zygis were screened against 25 different genera of bacteria selected for their agricultural, economic and health significance, The oils demonstrated a range of bioactive properties, with the oils rich in phenolic monoterpenes (M. citriodora and T. zygis) being particularly active in both antioxidant and antibacterial test systems.},
	keywords = {Citronellol, Essential oil composition, Geraniaceae, Geraniol, Labiatae, Monarda citriodora var. citriodora, Myristica fragrans, Myristicaceae, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, P-cyinene, Pelargonium sp., Sabinene, Thymol, Thymus zygis, α-pinene, β-pinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1642587175\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Dorman, H J D and Deans, S G}
}
@article {1823,
	title = {Isolation of Thymus herba-barona volatiles by supercritical fluid extraction},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2001},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Isolation of Thymus herba-barona volatiles by supercritical fluid extraction                         - De Gioannis, B; Marongiu, B; Porcedda, S; DeGioannis, B )                
},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {240 - 244},
	address = {Affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, St. Prov. Sestu, km. 0.770 SS 5541, 090421 Cagliari, Italy},
	abstract = {A volatile concentrate of Thymus herba-barona was isolated by supercritical CO2 extraction with a fractional separation technique. GC/MS analysis of the various fractions obtained at different extraction times and fractionation conditions allowed the identification of the best operating conditions to isolate the volatile extract. A good extraction performance was obtained operating at 90 bar and 50 degreesC for 300 min. The optimum fractionation was achieved by operating at 90 bar and -10 degreesC in the first separator and at 15 bar and 15 degreesC in the second one. The influence of extraction pressure and of extraction time on the extract composition were also evaluated. A comparison between a hydrodistilled oil of Thymus herba-barona and the supercritical extract is also given.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Composition, Essential oil composition, Labiatae, Supercritical fluid extract, Thymol, Thymus herba-barona},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034876606\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Gioannis, B De and Marongiu, B and Porcedda, S}
}
@article {1796,
	title = {Chemical Analysis and Antifungal Activity of Thymus striatus},
	journal = {Phytotherapy Research},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 12},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {40 - 42},
	address = {Affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Dept. Pharmacog./Chem. Nat. Prod., University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; Affiliation: DSP Chromatography, Bulevar AVNOJ-a44a, 11070 Belgrade, Yugoslavia; Affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Inst. Biol. Res.},
	abstract = {The essential oil composition from Thymus striatus collected from Mountain Orjen (Montenegro) has been investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Thymol, γ-terpinene and p-cymene were found to be the major components. Furthermore, the oil and its major component, thymol, were analysed for potential antifungal activity against plant, animal and human pathogenic fungi from different genera by a macrodilution test. The oil exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against all fungi investigated. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2004 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Antifungal activity, Essential oil, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus striatus, α-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0842334482\&partnerID=40\&md5=8dcda467778b72c2ffbbb0b6972d9b75},
	author = {Couladis, M and Tzakou, O and Kujundzic, S and Sokovic, M and Mimica-Dukic, N}
}
@article {1748,
	title = {Composition of the essential oils of thymus eucostomus hausskn. et velen var. gypsaceus jalas and Thymus pubescens boiss. et kotschy ex celak var. cratericola jalas},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {776 - 778},
	address = {Affiliation: Med. Arom. Plant and Drug Res. Ctr., Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; Affiliation: Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey},
	abstract = {Water-distilled oils from herbal parts of Thymus leucostomus var. gypsaceus and T. pubescens var. cratericola were analyzed by GC/MS. Forty-seven compounds representing 99.9\% of the former oil were identified with thymol (33.2\%) and borneol (22.2\%) as main constituents. Carvacrol (17.5\%), p-cymene (16.4\%) and thymol (10.8\%) were the major constituents of the latter oil among the 75 constituents characterized which represented 99\% of the oil. Thymus leucostomusvar. gypsaceus, Thymus pubescensvar. {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Borneol, Carvacrol, Cratericola, Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thymol},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0009578571\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Özek, T and Kürkcüoglu, M and Tümen, G and Yildiz, B}
}
@inbook {1728,
	title = {Study of the essential oils of Thymus haussknechtii Velen and Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. et Hohen var. kotschyanus (Lamiaceae) taxa from the eastern Anatolian region in Turkey},
	booktitle = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2005},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Study of the essential oils of Thymus haussknechtii Velen and Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. et Hohen var. kotschyanus (Lamiaceae) taxa from the eastern Anatolian region in Turkey                         - Bagci, EyUp; Baser, KHUsnUC H C; Başer, K H C )                
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {199 - 202},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK},
	organization = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK},
	address = {Affiliation: Firat University, Art and Science Faculty, Department of Biology, 23100 Elazig, Turkey; Affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Anadolu University, Pharmacy Faculty, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey},
	abstract = {The essential oils of water distilled aerial parts of Thymus haussknechtii and Thymus kotschyanus var. kotschyanus (Lamiaceae) were analysed by GC/MS system. Seventy-eight components were identified comprising 88.0 and 91.3\% of the total components in the oils, respectively. 1,8-Cineole (21.5\%) was the dominant compound in Thymus haussknechtii oil and thymol (47.5\%) was the main component in the oil of Thymus kotschyanus var. kotschyanus},
	keywords = {1, 8-cineole, Carvacrol, Essential oil, Lamiaceae, Thymol, Thymus haussknechtii, Thymus kotschyanus},
	isbn = {0882-5734},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-14844283717\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0http://muse.lib.auth.gr:9797/com/csa/?MuseHost=www-mi2.csa.com\&MuseFirst=1\&id=2\&recnum=3\&SID=3ed116359dfed5dfecf3a7873406b249\&MusePath=/ids70/view_record.php},
	author = {Bagci, EyUp and Başer, K H C}
}
@article {1731,
	title = {Essential oil composition of Thymus fallax Fisch.et C.A. Mey. from Iran},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2004},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Essential Oil Composition of Thymus fallax Fisch. et C.A. Mey. from Iran                         - Barazandeh, M M )                
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {101 - 102},
	address = {Affiliation: Res. Inst. of Forests and Rangelands, P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran},
	abstract = {The leaves of Thymus fallax Fisch. et C.A. Mey. were collected from Hamedan (the center of Hamedan province) in the west of Iran and hydrodistilled to produce a light-yellow oil at the yield of 2.5\% (based on dry leaves). The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-three compounds were identified, anion-which thymol (65.9\%) and gamma-terpinene (10.8\%) were the major constituents.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Labiatae, Thymol, Thymus fallax, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1642587193\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Barazandeh, M M}
}
@article {1733,
	title = {Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), thymol},
	journal = {Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {49 - 67},
	address = {Affiliation: Natural Standard Res. Collaboration; Affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Affiliation: Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States; Affi},
	abstract = {An evidence-based systematic review including scientific evidence, expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2003 Natural Standard Inc.},
	keywords = {Labiatae, Lamiaceae, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris L.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1842866347\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Basch, E and Ulbricht, C and Hammerness, P and Bevins, A and Sollars, D}
}
@article {1735,
	title = {The essential oils of Thymus migricus and T. fedtschenkoi var. handelii from Turkey},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2002},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           The essential oils of Thymus migricus and T. fedtschenkoi var. handelii from Turkey                         - Başer, K H C; Demirci, B; Kirimer, N; Satil, F; Tümen, G )                
Cited By (since 1996): 2
        
},
	month = {2002///},
	pages = {41 - 45},
	address = {Affiliation: Anadolu University, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant, Drug Research Centre TBAM, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey},
	abstract = {The essential oils of Thymus migricus Klokov et Des.-Shost. and T. fedtschenkoi Ronniger var. handelii (Ronniger) Jalas were obtained by hydrodistillation, and analysed by GC-MS. The main components in the essential oils were found to be carvacrol and thymol and linalool, respectively. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2001 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil, Lamiaceae, Linalool, Thymol, Thymus fedtschenkoi var. handelii, Thymus migricus},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036151470\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Demirci, B and Kirimer, N and Satil, F and Tumen, G}
}
@article {1736,
	title = {Composition of the essential oils of Thymus pectinatus Fisch, et Mey. var. pectinatus at different stages of vegetation},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {333 - 334},
	address = {Affiliation: Med./Arom. Plant and Drug Res. Ctr., Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisebir, Turkey; Affiliation: Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey},
	abstract = {Water-distilled essential oils from herbal parts of Thymus pectinatusvar. pectinatus, endemic to Turkey, collected at different stages of vegetation were analyzed by GC/MS. Thirty-eight compounds were identified in the oil from material collected at a very young stage representing 99\% of the total components; 28 components were identified in the oil from material collected at pre-flowering stage representing 99.8\% of the total components detected; and in the oil from flowering material 27 compounds were identified representing 99-3\% of the total components. Thymol (47.81\%, 61.67\% and 52.48\%), p-cymene (20.74\%, 8.88\% and 14.62\%) and γ-terpinene (11.11\%, 11.26\% and 12.13\%) were the main components in the oils, respectively. {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus pectinatus vzr. pectinatus, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0000624214\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Demirci, B and Kürkçüoglu, M and Tümen, G}
}
@article {1739,
	title = {Essential oils from four chemotypes of Thymus zygioides Griseb. var. lycaonicus (Celak) ronniger},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 12},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {615 - 618},
	address = {Affiliation: Med. Arom. Plant and Drug Res. Ctr., Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; Affiliation: Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey},
	abstract = {Four chemotypes of Thymus zygioides var. lycaonicus from different localities in Turkey were collected. Their oils were investigated by GC/MS. Geraniol (68.55\%), carvacrol (48.14\%) and α-terpinyl acetate (36.18\%) and thymol (41.75\% to 57.18\%) were found as the major constituents of the four distinct chemotypes.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Chemotypes, Essential oil composition, Geraniol, Labiatae, Thymol, Thymus zygioides var. Lycaonícus, α-terpinyl acetate},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030290752\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Kirimer, N and Ermin, N and Kürkçüoglu, M and Tümen, G}
}
@article {1740,
	title = {Composition of essential oils from three varieties of Thymus praecox opiz growing in Turkey},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {319 - 321},
	address = {Affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; Affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey},
	abstract = {Water-distilled essential oils from two collections of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. laniger, endemic in Turkey, and one collection each of var. skorpilii and subsp. grossheimii var. grossheimii were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thymol was the major constituent in subsp. skorpilii var. langier (7.75\% and 41.38\%) and subsp. grossheimii var. grossheimii (26.64\%) while subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii contained geraniol (24.21\%), α-terpinyl acetate (22.67\%) and geranyl acetate (9.31\%) as major constituents in the oil.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Geraniol, Labiatae, Thymol, Thymus praecox, α-terpinyl acetate},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030149023\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Kirimer, N and Ermin, N and Özek, T and Tümen, G}
}
@article {1741,
	title = {Composition of the Essential Oil of Thymus canoviridis Jalas},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3},
	month = {1998///},
	pages = {199 - 200},
	address = {Affiliation: Med. Arom. Plant and Drug Res. Ctr., Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; Affiliation: Department of Biology, Facility of Education, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey; Affiliation: Faculty of Science and Letters, Departmen},
	abstract = {Water-distilled essential oil from the herbal parts of Thymus canoviridis, an endemic species in Turkey, was analyzed by GC/MS. Sixty-four components were characterized representing 99.17\% of the total components detected. Carvacrol (29.51\%), geraniol (13.25\%) and thymol (9.49\%) were the major constituents of the oil obtained in 0.61\% yield.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil composition, Geraniol, Labiatae, Thymol, Thymus canoviridis},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0001549029\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Kirimer, N and Tümen, G and Duman, H}
}
@article {1742,
	title = {Composition of the essential oil of Thymus pseudopulegioides klokov et des.-shost from Turkey},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {86 - 88},
	address = {Affiliation: Med. Arom. Plant and Drug Res. Ctr., Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; Affiliation: Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey; Affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science},
	abstract = {Water-distilled essential oils from aerial parts of Thymus pseudopulegioides collected from three different localities in Turkey were analyzed by GC/MS. One hundred and four compounds were identified representing 97.5-99.5\% of the total components detected in thymol/carvacrol (50.14/10.67\%), thymol/linalool (23.14/20.24\%) and linalool/α-terpinyl acetate/geraniol (21.55/16.70/11.17\%) rich oils. {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil composition, Geraniol, Labiatae, Linalool, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus pseudopulegioides, α-terpinyl acetate},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0009617463\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Kürkçüoglu, M and Ermin, N and Tümen, G and Malyer, H}
}
@article {1743,
	title = {Essential oils of Thymus striatus Vahl var. interruptus Jalas from Turkey},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {253 - 256},
	address = {Affiliation: Med./Arom. Plant and Drug Res. Ctr., Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey; Affiliation: Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Uludag University, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey},
	abstract = {Water-distilled essential oils of Thymus striatus var. interruptus collected from four different locations in Turkey were analyzed by GC/MS. β-Caryophyllene, thymol, carvacrol, germacrene D, 1,8-cineole and p-cymene were identified as major constituents. {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {1, 8-cineole, Carvacrol, Essential oil composition, Germacrene D, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thymol, Thytmus striatusvar. interruplus, β-caryophyllene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0009645713\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baser, K H C and Kürkçüoglu, M and Tümen, G}
}
@article {1719,
	title = {Volatile oil constituents of two Thymus species from Ethiopia},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3},
	month = {2000///},
	pages = {123 - 125},
	address = {Affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway},
	abstract = {The volatile oils from Thymus schimperi Ronninger and T. serrulatus Hochst. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae) grown in Ethiopia, have been examined by means of GC and GC-MS. The main constituents of the essential oils of T. schimperi from four regions - Bale, Gender, Shewa, and Wello - were identified as p-cymene (9-23\%), γ-terpinene (8-17\%), thymol (6-38\%) and carvacrol (5-63\%). The oil from T. serrulatus was found to contain p-cymene (13\%), γ-terpinene (13\%) and thymol (49\%) as major components. Both species belong to the thymol-carvacrol chemotypes. Copyright (C) 2000 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil, Lamiaceae, P-cymene, Thymol, Thymus schimperi Ronninger, Thymus serrulatus Hochst. ex Benth., γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034023191\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Asfaw, N and Storesund, H J and Skatteb{\o}l, L and T{\o}nnesen, F and Aasen, A J}
}
@article {1708,
	title = {Extraction of thyme oil: Comparison between hydrodistillation and supercritical CO2 extraction},
	journal = {Acta Pharmaceutica},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {305 - 310},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Skopje, Macedonia},
	abstract = {Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide and hydrodistillation (HD) were compared as methods to isolate essential oil from thyme herb (Thymus serpyllum, L.). The SFE extraction was performed in a semibatch apparatus and the rate of extraction was found dependent on the extraction pressure and temperature and on the amount of carbon dioxide passed through the extractor. The most suitable conditions for the extraction were 11 MPa and 50{\textdegree}C. The compounds extracted by both SFE and HD were identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The difference in the aroma of the products was quite noticeable and can be attributed to qualitative and quantitative differences in the extracts and hydrodistillates. Predominance of aromatic alcohols carvacrol and thymol and their biosynthetic precursors p-cymene and γ-terpinene was revealed in both SFE extracts and HD oil. The SFE extracts also contained water and cuticular waxes; longer extraction times and higher pressures resulted in a higher percentage of water and waxes in the extract.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil, Hydrodistillation, L. (Lamiaceae), P-cymene, Supercritical fluid extraction, Thymol, Thymus serpyllum, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035703173\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Aleksovski, S A and Sovova, H and Poposka, F A}
}
@article {1705,
	title = {Analysis/Composition - Essential Oils of Four Turkish Wild-Growing Labiatae Herbs: Salvia cryptantha Montbr et Auch, Satureja cuneifolia Ten, Thymbra spicata L and Thymus cilicicus Boiss et Bal},
	journal = {Journal of essential oil research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Essential oils of four Turkish wild-growing labiatae herbs: Salvia cryptantha Montbr. et Auch., Satureja cuneifolia Ten., Thymbra spicata L. and Thymus cilicicus Boiss. et Bal                         - Akgül, A; Özean, M; Chialva, F; Monguzzi, F )                
Cited By (since 1996): 11
        
},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {209 - 214},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey; Affiliation: Centra Studi Maria Branca, Via E. Porro 1, 20158 Milano, Italy},
	abstract = {The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of four Labiatae herbs, namely Salvia crytantha. Montbr. et Auch., Satureja cuneifolia Ten., Thymbra spicata L. and Thymus cilicicus Boiss. et Bal. growing wild in Middle Anatolian provinces of Turkey, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty-four compounds were identified in S. cryptantha oil of which camphor (18.1\%), 1,8-cineole (17.8\%), and bornyl acetate (11.4\%) were major. In the oils of S. cuneifolia, 38 compounds were identified, with thymol (43.6-65.5\%), carvacrol (4.7-31.2\%), γ-terpinene (trace-13.7\%) and p-cymene (trace-11.5\%) being dominant. Of the 33 compounds identified in T. spicata oil, the main components were p-cymene (22.1\%), γ-terpinene (21.4\%), carvacrol (21.1\%) and thymol (11.8\%). The oil of T. cilicicus, which contained 35 constituents, was found to be rich in α-terpineol (16.4\%) and camphor (9.7\%). {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {1, 8-cineole, Bornyl acetate, Camphor, Carvacrol, Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Salvia cryptantha, Satureja cuneifolia, Thymbra spicata, Thymol, Thymus cilicicus., α-terpineol, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0000255873\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Akgul, A and Ozcan, M and Chialva, F and Monguzzi, F and Akgül, A and Özean, M}
}
