@article {1980,
	title = {Ultra-high carbon dioxide levels enhances in vitro shoot growth and morphogenesis in labiatae},
	journal = {Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2000///},
	pages = {43 - 55},
	address = {Affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natl. Ctr. for Agricul. Util. Res., 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, United States},
	abstract = {The growth and morphogenetic development in shoot cultures of lemon basil (Ocimum basilicum), oregano (Origanum vulgare), peppermint (Mentha x piperita), spearmint (Mentha spicata), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) shoots on MS salts and 0.8 percent agar containing 0 or 3 percent sucrose were determined under 350, 1,500, 3,000, 10,000, and 30,000 μl CO2/liter of air were determined after 8 weeks growth. High CO2 levels, especially the ultra-high levels (>= 3,000 μl CO2/liter of air), substantially increased fresh weight and leaf and root numbers in all cultures, whether or not the basal media contained sucrose, as compared with cultures grown on the same basal media under ambient air (350 μl CO2/liter of air). Ultra-high CO2 levels, also, enhanced the formation of aerial adventitious roots from the shoots of all species tested. A photosynthetic photon flux density of 180 μmole. m-2 s-1 using a 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod consistently provided better growth than lower light levels.},
	keywords = {Adventitious rooting, Lemon basil, Oregano, Peppermint, Rooting, Shooting, Spearmint, Thyme, Tissue culture},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033646334\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Tisserat, B and Silman, R}
}
@article {1981,
	title = {Essential oils enhanced by ultra-high carbon dioxide levels from Lamiaceae species grown in vitro and in vivo},
	journal = {Plant Cell Reports},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2001},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {361 - 368},
	address = {Affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natl. Ctr. Agric. Utiliz. Res., 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, United States},
	abstract = {The growth (fresh weight), morphogenesis (leaves, roots and shoots) and essential oil composition of mint (Mentha sp. L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) plants were determined after 8 weeks under 350, 1,500, 3,000, 10,000 and 30,000 μmol mol-1 CO2. Plants were grown in vitro on basal medium (BM) consisting of Murashige and Skoog salts and 0.8\% agar that contained either 0 or 3\% sucrose under a 16-h (day)/8-h (night) photoperiod at a light intensity of 180 μmol s-1 m-2 or in soil in a greenhouse under conditions of natural sunlight. Ultra-high CO2 levels (i.e. >=3,000 μmol mol-1 CO2) substantially increased fresh weights, leaves, shoots and roots for all plants compared to plants grown under ambient air (350 μmol mol-1 CO2) both in vivo and in vitro. For both species, 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 was the optimum concentration to obtain the largest growth and morphogenesis responses under in vitro conditions, while the 3,000- to 10,000-μmol mol-1 CO2 range provided the largest yields for soil-grown plants. Essential oil composition (i.e. monoterpenes, piperitonone oxide and limonene from mint and aromatic phenol and thymol from thyme) from the shoot portion of plants grown at all CO2 levels was analyzed in CH2Cl2 extracts via gas chromatography. Higher levels of secondary compounds occurred in vitro when cultures were grown under ultra-high CO2 levels than in ambient air. The concentration of thymol, a major secondary compound in thyme plants grown on BM containing sucrose, was 317-fold higher at 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 than in plants grown under ambient air conditions with the same BM. The levels of secondary compound in in-vitro-grown plantlets exposed to ultra-high CO2 concentrations exceeded those occurring in plants grown in the greenhouse under the same CO2 levels. Substantially higher levels of secondary compound occurred in plants under ultra-high CO2 levels on BM containing sucrose than on BM lacking sucrose or in soil. Thymol levels in thyme plants grown on BM containing sucrose were 3.9-fold higher at 10,000 μmol mol-1 CO2 than in shoots grown on BM without sucrose under the same CO2 levels. High positive correlations occurred between thymol concentrations and CO2 levels, fresh weights, shoots, roots and leaves when thyme shoots were grown on BM with sucrose. High positive correlations for thyme shoots grown on BM without sucrose only occurred between thymol concentrations and CO2 levels, fresh weights, shoots and leaves. No positive correlations between thymol concentrations and CO2 levels or any growth or morphogenesis responses occurred for thyme shoots when grown in soil.},
	keywords = {CO2 enrichment, limonene, Piperitenone oxide, Rooting, Shooting},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034931446\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Tisserat, B and Vaughn, S F}
}
