@article {1909,
	title = {Supercritical fluid extraction of volatile compounds from lavandin and thyme},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 29},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {157 - 165},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Budapest, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Institute of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University of Medicine, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Department of General, Technica},
	abstract = {Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of lavandin flowers and thyme herb using carbon dioxide was carried out under different extraction conditions. A stepwise increase of the extraction pressure resulted in the fractionation of the extracts into liquid and pasty products. Investigations on other ways of fractionation of the extracts were conducted, such as a single extraction and release of carbon dioxide at two stages by using two separators in series to effect the separation of the dissolved components. The SFE products were compared with essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation. In the case of lavandin flowers, SFE products were found to be markedly different from the corresponding steam distilled oil. A remarkable amount of α-terpineol was present, and the ratio of linalol to linalyl acetate was extremely high in the steam-distilled essential oil in comparison with the supercritical fluid extract, which resulted from the hydrolysis of components during steam distillation. SFE of thyme gave a product which contained 10-15\% thymol and 30-35\% carvacrol, while steam distillation produced an oil containing 48-50\% thymol and only 8-10\% carvacrol. When the SFE products were collected as separate samples successively in time, marked changes were observed in the composition of the samples as the extraction progressed. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of lavandin flowers and thyme herb using carbon dioxide was carried out under different extraction conditions. A stepwise increase of the extraction pressure resulted in the fractionation of the extracts into liquid and pasty products. Investigations on other ways of fractionation of the extracts were conducted, such as a single extraction and release of carbon dioxide at two stages by using two separators in series to effect the separation of the dissolved components. The SFE products were compared with essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation. In the case of lavandin flowers, SFE products were found to be markedly different from the corresponding steam distilled oil. A remarkable amount of α-terpineol was present, and the ratio of linalol to linalyl acetate was extremely high in the steam-distilled essential oil in comparison with the supercritical fluid extract, which resulted from the hydrolysis of components during steam distillation. SFE of thyme gave a product which contained 10-15\% thymol and 30-35\% carvacrol, while steam distillation produced an oil containing 48-50\% thymol and only 8-10\% carvacrol. When the SFE products were collected as separate samples successively in time, marked changes were observed in the composition of the samples as the extraction progressed.},
	keywords = {Carbon dioxide, Lamiaceae, Lavandin, Lavandula intermedia Emeric ex Loisel, Supercritical fluid extraction, Thyme, Thymus vulgaris L., Volatiles},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029977760\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Oszagyán, M and Simándi, B and Sawinsky, J and Kéry, Á and Lemberkovics, E and Fekete, J}
}
@article {1708,
	title = {Extraction of thyme oil: Comparison between hydrodistillation and supercritical CO2 extraction},
	journal = {Acta Pharmaceutica},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {305 - 310},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Skopje, Macedonia},
	abstract = {Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide and hydrodistillation (HD) were compared as methods to isolate essential oil from thyme herb (Thymus serpyllum, L.). The SFE extraction was performed in a semibatch apparatus and the rate of extraction was found dependent on the extraction pressure and temperature and on the amount of carbon dioxide passed through the extractor. The most suitable conditions for the extraction were 11 MPa and 50{\textdegree}C. The compounds extracted by both SFE and HD were identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The difference in the aroma of the products was quite noticeable and can be attributed to qualitative and quantitative differences in the extracts and hydrodistillates. Predominance of aromatic alcohols carvacrol and thymol and their biosynthetic precursors p-cymene and γ-terpinene was revealed in both SFE extracts and HD oil. The SFE extracts also contained water and cuticular waxes; longer extraction times and higher pressures resulted in a higher percentage of water and waxes in the extract.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Essential oil, Hydrodistillation, L. (Lamiaceae), P-cymene, Supercritical fluid extraction, Thymol, Thymus serpyllum, γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035703173\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Aleksovski, S A and Sovova, H and Poposka, F A}
}
