@booklet {1967,
	title = {Characterization and biological activity of essential oils from fourteen Labiatae species},
	howpublished = {Acta Horticulturae},
	volume = {723},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {221 - 226},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Agroenvironmental Sciences and Technologies, Bologna University, Italy},
	abstract = {The Labiatae family is rich in plants that are sources of essential oils having aromatic notes and biological properties. Considering the interest in natural products for cosmetic, perfumery, food and pharmacological industry, the deeper knowledge of the potentiality of different aromatic plants can give results of economic importance. In our work, the essential oils of fourteen species were evaluated for their quali- quantitative composition and biological activity. The species analysed are: basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), beebalm (Monarda didyma L.), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.), spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), headed savory (Thymus capitatus Hoffm.et Link), calamint (Calamintha nepeta L.), winter savory (Satureja montana L.), savory (Satureja cuneifolia Ten.), thymbra (Thymbra sintenisii Bornm. et Aznav. ssp. isaurica P.H. Davis), a cultivated rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) and four wild rosemaries harvested in different Italian locations: Elba Island (Tuscany), Sicily, Abruzzo and Calabria. The oils, obtained by steam-distillation of fresh aerial part of the plants harvested at full flowering stage, were characterized by GC-MS, tested for antimicrobial property by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and for the antioxidant activity by B-carotene bleaching test. Each species was characterized by a peculiar qualiquantitative composition and all the oils contained compounds with established biological activity. Headed savory exerted the highest antimicrobial control also at low concentrations. Basil and rosemary from Elba Island evidenced a great antioxidant capability comparable to that of α-tocopherol used as reference antioxidant agent.},
	keywords = {Antimicrobial Activity, Antioxidant activity, GC-MS},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33846036924\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Stefanini, I and Piccaglia, R and Marotti, M and Biavati, B}
}
@article {1892,
	title = {Seasonal variation in essential oil yield and composition from naturalized Thymus vulgaris L. in New Zealand},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {9},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 25},
	month = {1994///},
	pages = {347 - 352},
	address = {Affiliation: Redbank Research Station, New Zealand Inst. Crop Food Res. Ltd, PO Box 42, Clyde, New Zealand},
	abstract = {The seasonal variation in essential oil yield and composition from naturalized Thymus vulgaris L, in Central Otago, New Zealand, is reported. Essential oil yield (l/ha), from replicated, pilot-scale distillations, was influenced by both the held production of herb and the essential oil content of the herb. The oil yield peaked at 22.8 l/ha in December, after flowering had finished. Essential oil composition also varied significantly during the 13-month sampling period. Levels of the phenolic components, thymol and carvacrol, peaked at a total of 37\% after flowering in summer (December and January). p-Cymene was an important component of Central Otago thyme oils and ranged from 40\% to 50\% in winter and early spring (May to October), declining to 21\% in January. To maximize yields and phenol content of the oil, naturalized thyme in Central Otago should be harvested after flowering has finished in December.},
	keywords = {Essential oil, GC-MS, Lamiaceae, P-cymene, Seasonal variation, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris L},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028578069\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {McGimpsey, J A and Douglas, M H and VanKlink, J W and Beauregard, D A and Perry, N B}
}
@article {1818,
	title = {Essential oil composition of Thymus lotocephallus G. López \& R. Morales, collected during flowering and vegetative phases},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2001},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Essential oil composition of Thymus lotocephallus G. López \& R. Morales, collected during flowering and vegetative phases                         - Figueiredo, A C; Miguel, M G; Duarte, A M F; Barroso, J G; Pedro, L G )                
},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {417 - 421},
	address = {Affiliation: Centro de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Dep. de Biologia Vegetal, FCL, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal},
	abstract = {The aerial parts of Thymus lotocephalus were collected during the flowering and vegetative phases of the plant in the Algarve, Portugal. The oils were isolated by hydrodistillation and distillation-extraction and analysed by GC and GC-MS. The oil isolated from the flowers was obtained in a yield of 0.9\%, whereas those isolated from the leaves during flowering and vegetative phases showed lower yields, 0.7\% and 0.2\% (v/w), respectively. The oils isolated from both the flowers and the leaves were dominated by the oxygen-containing monoterpenes (57-64\%). The monoterpene hydrocarbons (11-22\%) and the oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes (7-14\%) were the two other main fractions of these oils. 1,8-Cineole (10-19\%), linalyl acetate (6-14\%) and linalol (4-12\%) were the main components of all the oils studied. Intermedeol (2-4\%), beta -caryophyllene oxide (2-3\%) and viridiflorol (1-3\%) were the main components of the oxygen-containing sesquiterpene fraction. The diterpene abietatriene was present in trace amounts (<0.05\%) in all the oils. Depending on the plant part studied and on the isolation procedure used, these oils can be characterized either by 1,8-cineole/linalol/linalyl acetate or 1,8-cineole type. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Essential oils, GC, GC-MS, Lamiaceae, Thymus lotocephallus G. López \& R. Morales},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035182964\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Figueiredo, A C and Miguel, M G and Duarte, A M F and Barroso, J G and Pedro, L G}
}
@article {1769,
	title = {Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of seven Moroccan Labiatae against Botrytis cinerea Pers: Fr.},
	journal = {Journal of Ethnopharmacology},
	volume = {89},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {165 - 169},
	address = {Affiliation: UFR, Substances Naturelles, Rabat Instituts, B.P. 6388, Rabat, Morocco; Affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie, Dépt. de Protect. des Plantes, IAV Hassan II Complexe, Agadir, Morocco; Affiliation: Lab. Symbiotes Racinaire/Biochim. V., Facult},
	abstract = {Essential oils of seven Moroccan Labiatae were chemically analysed by GC-MS and evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. Among them, Origanum compactum and Thymus glandulosus greatly inhibited the growth of the mycelium. The inhibition of Botrytis cinerea was 100\% for both oils at 100ppm, while the IC50s were 35.1 and 79.2ppm, respectively. Mentha pulegium exhibited moderate activity at 250ppm since the inhibition of the mycelial growth was 58.5\% and the IC50 was 233.5ppm. The main constituents of the studied oils were also examined. Thymol and carvacrol that are the two main constituents of Thymus glandulosus and Origanum compactum exhibited the strongest antifungal activity with 100\% of inhibition at 100ppm, respectively. {\textcopyright} 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Antifungal activity, Botrytis cinerea, GC-MS, Moroccan Labiatae},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0141569085\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Bouchra, C and Achouri, M and Hassani, L M I and Hmamouchi, M}
}
@article {1755,
	title = {Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oils from Sicilian aromatic plants},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1993},
	note = {From Duplicate 2 (                           Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oils from Sicilian aromatic plants                         - Biondi, D; Cianci, P; Geraci, C; Ruberto, G; Piattelli, M )                
Cited By (since 1996): 44
        
      
},
	month = {1993///},
	pages = {331 - 337},
	address = {Affiliation: Ist CNR per lo Studio delle Sostanze, Naturali di Interesse Alimentare e, Chimico-Farmaceutico, Viadel Santuario 110, I-95028 Valverde, Italy},
	abstract = {The essential oils from four Lamiaceae (Labiatae), Origanum onites L., Thymus capitatus Hoffmanns. et Link, commercial oregano and sage, and a Lauracea, Laurus nobilis L., have been characterized and tested against eight bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alvei, Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Steptococcus faecalis), and five fungi (Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, two strains of Candida albicans, Fusarium sp.). The highest and broadest activity, both antibacterial and antifungal, was shown by the oils of O. onites, T. capitatus and commercial oregano, in that order, while oils from commercial sage and L. nobilis were almost inactive. Bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties of the five essential oils are also discussed.},
	keywords = {Antibacterial activity, Antifungal activity, Bactericidal activity, Bacteriostatic activity, Essential oil composition, GC-MS, Lamiaceae (Labiatae), Lauraceae, Laurus nobilis L, Oregano, Origanum onites L, Phenols, Sage, Thymus capitatus Hoffmanns et Link},
	isbn = {0882-5734},
	url = {http://muse.lib.auth.gr:9797/com/csa/?MuseHost=www-mi2.csa.com\&MuseFirst=1\&id=2\&recnum=1\&SID=147874bda29087943ea1dc03733c75de\&MusePath=/ids70/view_record.phphttp://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027765749\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Biondi, D and Cianci, P and Geraci, C and Ruberto, G* and Piattelli, M}
}
