@article {1990,
	title = {Acetophenone glycosides from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.)},
	journal = {Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry},
	volume = {47},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 7},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {1911 - 1914},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Food Science, Rutgers, Stt. Univ. of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, United States; Affiliation: Laboratory for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers, Stt. Univ. of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0789, United},
	abstract = {Four acetophenone glycosides were isolated from the butanol-soluble fraction of thyme extracts. Their structures were determined by spectral methods (MS, NMR, and 2D-NMR). Among them, two new compounds, 4- hydroxyacetophenone 4-O-[5-O-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D- apiofuranosyl]-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-O- [5-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)β-D-apiofuranosyl]-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), were determined. Compound 1 showed weak cytotoxicity, inhibiting DNA synthesis of human leukemia cells.},
	keywords = {Acetophenone glycoside, Thyme, Thymus vulgaris L.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032821909\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Wang, M and Kikuzaki, H and Lin, C -C and Kahyaoglu, A and Huang, M -T and Nakatani, N and Ho, C -T}
}
@article {1979,
	title = {Influence of ultra-high carbon dioxide levels on growth and morphogenesis of Lamiaceae species in soil},
	journal = {Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2002///},
	pages = {81 - 89},
	address = {Affiliation: USDA, Natl. Ctr. Agricultur. Utiliz. Res., Ferment. Biochemistry Research Unit, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, United States},
	abstract = {The growth and morphogenesis of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), and water mint (Mentha aquatica L.) were determined after four weeks under various levels of CO2. Those plants grown in a greenhouse in ultra-high CO2 levels (>=3,000 μl CO2/liter) had increased fresh weight, and leaf, root, and shoot numbers as compared with plants grown under the same conditions in ambient air or in high CO2 levels (7,500 μl CO2/liter). For example, fresh weight of spearmint and water mint increased 150 and 220 percent, respectively, under 10,000 μl CO2/liter as compared with growth under 350 μl CO2/liter. Thyme fresh weight increased 160 percent under 3,000 μl CO2/liter as compared with growth under ambient air. Shoot cultures given an elevated CO2 (10,000 μl CO2/liter) pretreatment invariably exhibited higher rates of growth and morphogenesis upon transfer to soil as compared with shoots pretreated with ambient air, regardless if the plant was subsequently grown in ambient or elevated CO2 levels.},
	keywords = {CO2 enrichment, Growth, Root formation, Shoot formation, Spearmint, Thyme, Water mint},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036200944\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Tisserat, B}
}
@article {1980,
	title = {Ultra-high carbon dioxide levels enhances in vitro shoot growth and morphogenesis in labiatae},
	journal = {Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2000///},
	pages = {43 - 55},
	address = {Affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natl. Ctr. for Agricul. Util. Res., 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, United States},
	abstract = {The growth and morphogenetic development in shoot cultures of lemon basil (Ocimum basilicum), oregano (Origanum vulgare), peppermint (Mentha x piperita), spearmint (Mentha spicata), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) shoots on MS salts and 0.8 percent agar containing 0 or 3 percent sucrose were determined under 350, 1,500, 3,000, 10,000, and 30,000 μl CO2/liter of air were determined after 8 weeks growth. High CO2 levels, especially the ultra-high levels (>= 3,000 μl CO2/liter of air), substantially increased fresh weight and leaf and root numbers in all cultures, whether or not the basal media contained sucrose, as compared with cultures grown on the same basal media under ambient air (350 μl CO2/liter of air). Ultra-high CO2 levels, also, enhanced the formation of aerial adventitious roots from the shoots of all species tested. A photosynthetic photon flux density of 180 μmole. m-2 s-1 using a 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod consistently provided better growth than lower light levels.},
	keywords = {Adventitious rooting, Lemon basil, Oregano, Peppermint, Rooting, Shooting, Spearmint, Thyme, Tissue culture},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033646334\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Tisserat, B and Silman, R}
}
@article {1927,
	title = {Essential oil polymorphism of wild growing Hungarian thyme (Thymus pannonicus) populations in the Carpathian Basin},
	journal = {Natural Product Communications},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {1681 - 1686},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Corvinus University of Budapest, Vill{\'a}nyi {\'u}t 29, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; Correspondence Address: Pluh{\'a}r, Z.; Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Corvinus University of Budapest, Vill{\'a}n},
	abstract = {The volatile oil compositions of Thymus pannonicus All. from nineteen different localities of Hungary were analyzed by GC/MS. The essential oil content of the Hungarian thyme samples varied between very low (0.14 mL/100 g DW) and fairly high (1.9 mL/100 g DW) values. Significant essential oil polymorphism was found: altogether twelve chemovarieties may have been determined, representing a way of adaptation to different habitat conditions. The main volatile compound of chemotype 1 was thymol (24.6-67.5\%), while in the case of chemotype 2, thymol (36.5-63.7\%) and p-cymene (11.5-27.3\%) predominated. Thymol (28.4-63.7\%), p-cymene (11.5-31.8\%) and γ-terpinene (9.7-20.9\%) were identified as the chief monoterpenes of chemotype 3, while chemotype 4 contained thymol (36.5\%), p-cymene (27.3\%) and neral (11.2\%). Chemotype 5 accumulated thymol (38.5\%), p-cymene (20.6\%), γ-terpinene (12.0\%) and β-bisabolene (10.3\%) as its main volatiles. The oil of chemotype 6 can be characterized by thymol (41.9\%), p-cymene (20.2\%), isoborneol (10.3\%) and {\~a}-terpinene (9.9\%), while that of chemotype 7 consisted of thymol (27.7\%), linalyl acetate (18.8\%), γ-terpinene (18.6\%) and α-cubebene (13.9\%). In the oil of chemotype 8, p-cymene (45.0\%), geraniol (13.6\%) and linalyl acetate (9.9\%) were found in higher percentages, while chemotype 9 mainly produced linalyl acetate (36.2\%) and geranyl acetate (20.2\%). Chemotype 10 accumulated germacrene-D (43.4) and β-caryophyllene (15.0\%), while the oil of chemotype 11 contained caryophyllene oxide (45.2\%), α-cubebene (15.7\%) and linalool (13.8\%) in high proportions. Germacrene-D (29.7\%), β-caryophyllene (22.0\%) and farnesol (10.4\%) were identified as main essential oil compounds of chemotype 12. The last nine chemotypes were new for the literature, while the first seven contained thymol as their chief compound. The role of certain sesquiterpenes was found to be considerable.},
	keywords = {alpha cubebene, alpha thujene, article, beta elemene, beta pinene, camphene, Camphor, Carvacrol, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, Chemotype, cineole, Diversity, Ecosystem, Essential oil, farnesol, gamma muurolene, Geraniol, Germacrene D, habitat, herbaceous agent, humulene, Hungary, isoborneol, limonene, Linalool, linalyl acetate, ocimene, Oils, para cymene, pinene, sesquiterpene, Sesquiterpenes, T cadinol, terpinene, terpineol, Thyme, thyme oil, Thymol, Thymus, Thymus pannonicus, Thymus Plant, Thymus vulgaris, unclassified drug, Volatile},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957924069\&partnerID=40\&md5=6024b3154737d662a6c54cc3d16c1532},
	author = {Pluh{\'a}r, Z and S{\'a}rosi, S and Pint{\'e}r, A and Simk{\'o}, H}
}
@article {1933,
	title = {Characterization and use of essential oil from Thymus vulgaris against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer in strawberry fruits},
	journal = {Phytochemistry},
	volume = {47},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 41},
	month = {1998///},
	pages = {1515 - 1520},
	address = {Affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Horticultural Research Center, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Que. G1K 7P4, Canada; Affiliation: Department of Plant Science, Horticultural Research Center, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Que. G1K 7P4, Canad},
	abstract = {The essential oils from two clonal types of Thymus vulgaris (Laval-1 and Laval-2) were characterized and tested for antifungal activity. Contents were high in p-cymene, linalool, terpinen-4-ol and thymol which constituted 53.5\% and 66.2\% of Laval-1 and Laval-2 essential oils respectively. The essential oil volatiles from two clonal types exhibited antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer, two common storage pathogens of strawberries (Fragaria ananassa). The inhibition of B. cinerea and R. stolonifer ranged from 26.5 to 63.5\% and 5.5 to 50.5\% respectively by oil from Laval-1, when exposed to concentrations of 50 to 200 ppm, while values of 36.9 to 90.5\% and 11.5 to 65.8\% were observed from oil from Laval-2. The decay of strawberry fruits caused by B. cinerea and R. stolonifer was controlled up to 73.6 and 73.0\% respectively by volatiles from maximin concentration of Laval-l, and up to 75.8 and 74.8\% from Laval-2. No visual phytotoxic symptoms were noticed for the observed period. Essential oil from Laval-2 exhibited higher antifungal activity which was related to its relatively higher content of antimicrobial compounds.},
	keywords = {Antifungal, Botrytis cinerea, Fragaria ananassa, Labiatae, Rhizopus stolonifer, Rosaceae, Strawberries, Thyme, Thymus vulgaris, Volatile components},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032051755\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Reddy, M V B and Angers, P and Gosselin, A and Arul, J}
}
@article {1923,
	title = {Essential Oil of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Grown in Cuba},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2},
	month = {1997///},
	address = {Affiliation: Inst. Invest. la Indust. Alimenticia, Carr. del Guatao Km 31/2, C. Habana 19200, Cuba; Affiliation: Centro de Invesigación, Asistencia en Tecnologia, Diseño del Estado Dejalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Affiliation: Inst. de Invest.},
	abstract = {Water-Distilled volatiles of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) grown in Cuba were analyzed by GC/MS. Among the 25 compounds identified, thymol (34.60\%), γ-terpinene (17.61\%) and p-cymene (17.65\%) were the mjaor constituents.},
	keywords = {Essential oil composition, Labiatae, P-cymene, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris L., γ-terpinene},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0007407314\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Pino, J A and Estarrôn, M and Fuentes, V}
}
@article {1909,
	title = {Supercritical fluid extraction of volatile compounds from lavandin and thyme},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 29},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {157 - 165},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Budapest, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Institute of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University of Medicine, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Department of General, Technica},
	abstract = {Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of lavandin flowers and thyme herb using carbon dioxide was carried out under different extraction conditions. A stepwise increase of the extraction pressure resulted in the fractionation of the extracts into liquid and pasty products. Investigations on other ways of fractionation of the extracts were conducted, such as a single extraction and release of carbon dioxide at two stages by using two separators in series to effect the separation of the dissolved components. The SFE products were compared with essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation. In the case of lavandin flowers, SFE products were found to be markedly different from the corresponding steam distilled oil. A remarkable amount of α-terpineol was present, and the ratio of linalol to linalyl acetate was extremely high in the steam-distilled essential oil in comparison with the supercritical fluid extract, which resulted from the hydrolysis of components during steam distillation. SFE of thyme gave a product which contained 10-15\% thymol and 30-35\% carvacrol, while steam distillation produced an oil containing 48-50\% thymol and only 8-10\% carvacrol. When the SFE products were collected as separate samples successively in time, marked changes were observed in the composition of the samples as the extraction progressed. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of lavandin flowers and thyme herb using carbon dioxide was carried out under different extraction conditions. A stepwise increase of the extraction pressure resulted in the fractionation of the extracts into liquid and pasty products. Investigations on other ways of fractionation of the extracts were conducted, such as a single extraction and release of carbon dioxide at two stages by using two separators in series to effect the separation of the dissolved components. The SFE products were compared with essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation. In the case of lavandin flowers, SFE products were found to be markedly different from the corresponding steam distilled oil. A remarkable amount of α-terpineol was present, and the ratio of linalol to linalyl acetate was extremely high in the steam-distilled essential oil in comparison with the supercritical fluid extract, which resulted from the hydrolysis of components during steam distillation. SFE of thyme gave a product which contained 10-15\% thymol and 30-35\% carvacrol, while steam distillation produced an oil containing 48-50\% thymol and only 8-10\% carvacrol. When the SFE products were collected as separate samples successively in time, marked changes were observed in the composition of the samples as the extraction progressed.},
	keywords = {Carbon dioxide, Lamiaceae, Lavandin, Lavandula intermedia Emeric ex Loisel, Supercritical fluid extraction, Thyme, Thymus vulgaris L., Volatiles},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029977760\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Oszagyán, M and Simándi, B and Sawinsky, J and Kéry, Á and Lemberkovics, E and Fekete, J}
}
@article {1892,
	title = {Seasonal variation in essential oil yield and composition from naturalized Thymus vulgaris L. in New Zealand},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {9},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 25},
	month = {1994///},
	pages = {347 - 352},
	address = {Affiliation: Redbank Research Station, New Zealand Inst. Crop Food Res. Ltd, PO Box 42, Clyde, New Zealand},
	abstract = {The seasonal variation in essential oil yield and composition from naturalized Thymus vulgaris L, in Central Otago, New Zealand, is reported. Essential oil yield (l/ha), from replicated, pilot-scale distillations, was influenced by both the held production of herb and the essential oil content of the herb. The oil yield peaked at 22.8 l/ha in December, after flowering had finished. Essential oil composition also varied significantly during the 13-month sampling period. Levels of the phenolic components, thymol and carvacrol, peaked at a total of 37\% after flowering in summer (December and January). p-Cymene was an important component of Central Otago thyme oils and ranged from 40\% to 50\% in winter and early spring (May to October), declining to 21\% in January. To maximize yields and phenol content of the oil, naturalized thyme in Central Otago should be harvested after flowering has finished in December.},
	keywords = {Essential oil, GC-MS, Lamiaceae, P-cymene, Seasonal variation, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris L},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028578069\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {McGimpsey, J A and Douglas, M H and VanKlink, J W and Beauregard, D A and Perry, N B}
}
@article {1871,
	title = {The selection of Thymus vulgaris cultivars to grow in Canada},
	journal = {Journal of Essential Oil Research},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {337 - 342},
	address = {Affiliation: Horticultural Research Centre, Department of Plant Science, Fac. of Agric. and Food Laval Univ., Qué., G1K 7P4, Canada; Affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Deutschhauserstr. 17A, Germany; Affili},
	abstract = {Five different cultivars of Thymus vulgaris originating from various geographical sources (Canada, Germany, former GDR and Spain) were organically cultivated in the fields in Quebec, Canada. The oils obtained through steam distillation of the dried leaves from each cultivar varied from 1.38\% to 2.04\%, depending on the cultivar used. The highest oil content was obtained from cv "Madrid" followed by "RH-1" and "Laval-1." More than 95\% of the oil, with a total of approximately 22 components were identified in the samples. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the main group of constituents in all cultivars. Cultivar "Laval-1," recently developed in Quebec, "Madrid" from Spain and "RH-1 " from Germany were established to belong to thymol-chemotypes. Cultivar "QDLB" characterized by its content of thymol (approximately 39\%), carvacrol (17\%) and linalool (3.5\%), in the oil, was also found to belong to "thymor-chemotypes, while "RH-2" with carvacrol (40\%) was found to be a carvacrol-chemotype. Though none of the cultivars had the desired levels of linalool content, "Laval-1" and "RH-1" were found to be prospective cultivars for field commercial organic cultivation in Canada. {\textcopyright} 1999 Allured Publishing Corp.},
	keywords = {Carvacrol, Chemotypes, Essential oil composition, Lamiaceae, Organic cultivation, P-cymene, Thyme, Thymol, Thymus vulgaris},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0347421484\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Letchamo, W and Gosselin, A and Hoelzl, J and Marquard, R}
}
@article {1860,
	title = {Effect of an acid treatment on the phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of extracts from selected Lamiaceae species},
	journal = {Food Chemistry},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2005},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Effect of an acid treatment on the phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of extracts from selected Lamiaceae species                         - Koşar, M; Dorman, H J D; Hiltunen, R )                
Cited By (since 1996): 9
        
},
	month = {2005/07//},
	pages = {525 - 533},
	address = {Affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy, Univ. Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 , F.; Affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Anadolu Univ., 26470 Eskisehir, T.},
	abstract = {Aqueous-methanol extracts were prepared from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), bay (Laurus nobilis L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), savory (Satureja hortensis L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) by maceration and their phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics were assessed. Each extract was submitted to an acid treatment (1.2 N HCl in 50\% methanol) to determine whether such a process had an effect upon their chemistry and antioxidative efficacy. The treatment appeared to have improved the antioxidant potency of the extracts in general; however, there were some exceptions. The treatment did not increase the Fe(III) reductive activity of the extracts from basil or bay samples nor the ability of the oregano and sage extracts to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals at pH 7.4. The Folin-Ciocalteu phenol content of the basil extract was not increased with acid treatment. {\textcopyright} 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {1, 1- Diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl, Acid hydrolysis, Antioxidants, Basil, Bay, Hydroxyl radical, Iron reduction, Lamiaceae (Labiatae), Oregano, Rosemary, Sage, Savory, Thyme},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11144277274\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Kosar, M and Dorman, H J D and Hiltunen, R and Koşar, M}
}
@mastersthesis {1861,
	title = {Taxonomic approach of the species Thymus sibthorpii Bentham: distribution, morphology and essential oils in different habitat types (in Greek)},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012///},
	abstract = {The present study consists of four parts concerning the: (i) taxonomic history of {\textquotedblleft}thyme{\textquotedblright} plants, (ii) geographical distribution of Th. sibthorpii in Greece, (iii) morphological as well as (iv) chemical (essential oil content) variation of Th. sibthorpii growing wild in different habitat types. The overall results are discussed in relation to the taxonomic implications within the sect. Serpyllum. The first part is focused on the nomenclatural and morphological relationships of the nowadays known taxa of the genus Thymus L. to the: (a) polynomials mentioned in the early botanical works of the 16th to 18th century and (b) plant drawings and descriptions included in antiquity herbals, with emphasis on those based on the work of Dioscorides {\textquotedblleft}Materia Medica{\textquotedblright}. Results suggest that genus Thymus is related with the pre-Linnaean group of polynomials Thymum and Serpyllum as well as the descriptions of the plants {\textquotedblleft}thymos{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}erpyllos{\textquotedblright} as included in {\textquotedblleft}Materia Medica{\textquotedblright} recensions. The overall study of characters suggests a shift in the type of characters used during pre- and post-Linnaean periods. In particular, vegetative macro-morphological characters are gradually enriched with or replaced by reproductive micro-morphological characters in recognizing new taxa. On the basis of this change new Thymus taxa from E Mediterranean were described, including Th. sibthorpii. In the second part, the analysis of Natura 2000 database and Th. sibthorpii herbarium specimens support three different habitat types as the most common for Th. sibthorpii populations, which occur in five floristic regions of Greece (i.e. NE, NC, EC, SPi and NAe). In the third part a total of 34 morphological characters of Thymus sibthorpii plant individuals are measured on plants collected from wild growing populations of six different habitat types. The variation of 28 characters is related to the habitat type where the plants were collected. The findings indicate that different habits of plants are related to the habitat types. Plants of Th. sibthorpii from different areas and habitat types were compared against herbarium vouchers of closely related taxa. Results suggest high morphological resemblance between the different Th. sibthorpii habits and specimens belonging to the species Th. heterotrichus Griseb., Th. comptus Friv. and Th. degenii Heinr.Braun. Consequently, four species, Th. sibthorpii s.str., Th. heterotrichus, Th. comptus and Th. degenii are herein proposed to be included under the group Th. sibthorpii s.lat. Finally, measurements (by hydrodistillation) of the essential oil content of leaves and inflorescences of single Th. sibthorpii plant individuals revealed a range between 0,2\% and 3,5\% (mL 100 g-1 dry weight). Furthermore, the essential oil content of individual plants is found to be related to the habitat type. Mean diameter and density of peltate glandular hairs can be used as an index of the essential oil content of leaves and inflorescences of Th. sibthorpii plant individuals.},
	keywords = {Essential oils, morphometry, nomenclature, Thyme},
	url = {http://invenio.lib.auth.gr/record/128952},
	author = {Koureas, D}
}
@article {1863,
	title = {Antioxidant activity of aqueous tea infusions prepared from oregano, thyme and wild thyme},
	journal = {Food Technology and Biotechnology},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {485 - 492},
	address = {Affiliation: Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Split, Teslina 10/V, HR-21 000 Split, Croatia; Affiliation: Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia},
	abstract = {Using a multiple-method approach, antioxidant activity of aqueous tea infusions prepared from oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) were tested in relation to their chemical composition. Total phenolic, flavonoid, catechin and anthocyanin content was determined by spectrophotometric methods. Oregano aqueous tea infusion had the highest amount of total phenols (12 500 mg/L gallic acid equivalent, GAE) and flavonoids (9000 mg/L GAE). Identification of polyphenolic compounds in aqueous tea infusions by HPLC-PDA analysis showed a dominant presence of rosmarinic acid (in mg/g): 123.11 in oregano, 17.45 in thyme and 93.13 in wild thyme. Antioxidant activity of aqueous tea infusions was evaluated using four antioxidative methods (the β-carotene bleaching method (BCB), the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, the thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TEARS assay) and the induction period of lard oxidation (Rancimat assay)). The results were compared with natural (ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol) and synthetic antioxidants, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Oregano aqueous tea infusion showed the strongest antioxidant activity using three methods (the β-carotene bleaching method, DPPH radical scavening method and Rancimat assay), while thyme and wild thyme showed weaker and relatively similar antioxidant activity.},
	keywords = {Antioxidant activity, Aqueous tea infusion, Lamiaceae, Oregano, Thyme, Wild thyme},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33845380769\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Kulišić, T and Dragović-Uzelac, V and Miloš, M}
}
@article {1865,
	title = {Food-borne pathogens, health and role of dietary phytochemicals},
	journal = {Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 22},
	month = {1998///},
	pages = {270 - 276},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amtierst, MA, United States},
	abstract = {Infectious diseases transmitted by food have become a major public health concern in recent years. In the USA alone, there are an estimated 6-33 million cases each year. The list of responsible agents continues to grow. In the past 20 years some dozen new pathogens that are primarily food-borne have been identified. Fruits and vegetables, often from the global food market, have been added to the traditional vehicles of food-borne illness; that is, undercooked meat, poultry, seafood, or unpasteurized milk. Such products are minimally processed and have fewer barriers to microbial growth such as salt, sugar or preservatives. The evolution of the epidemiology of food-borne illness requires a rethinking of traditional, though still valid, solutions for their prevention. Among various strategies to prevent food-borne pathogens, use of dietary phytochemicals is promising. The major obstacle in the use of dietary phytochemical is the consistency of phytochemicals in different foods due to their natural genetic variation. We have developed a novel tissue-culture-based selection strategy to isolate elite phenolic phytochemical-producing clonal lines of species belonging to the family Lamiaceae. Among several species we have targeted elite clonal lines of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) against Escherichia coli and Closiridiiim perfrigens in fresh and processed meats. We are also evaluating high phenolic profile-containing clonal lines of basil (Ocimitm basilicum) to inhibit gastric ulcer-causing Helicobacter pylori. Other elite lines of the members of the family Lamiaceae, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and salvia (Salvia officinalis) also hold promise against a wide range of food pathogens such as Salmonella species in poultry products and Vibrio species in seafood.},
	keywords = {Antimicrobials, Carvacrol, Diet, Food-borne pathogens, Herbs, Lamiaceae, Phytochemicals, Plant biotechnology, Thyme, Thymol},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-22444453503\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Labbe, R G}
}
@article {1730,
	title = {Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris)},
	journal = {Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2003},
	note = {From Duplicate 1 (                           Influence of Nitrogen Fertilizers on the Yield and Composition of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)                         - Baranauskiene, R; Venskutonis, P R; Viskelis, P; Dambrauskiene, E; Viškelis, P )                
},
	month = {2003/12//},
	pages = {7751 - 7758},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu̧ pl. 19, LT-3028 Kaunas, Lithuania; Affiliation: Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, LT-4335 Babtai, Lithuania},
	abstract = {The influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of crop, as well as on the production and composition of the essential oil and some other chemical characteristics of thyme, was investigated. Different levels of fertilizers (N = 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg ha(-1)) were applied. It was found that fortilizers increase thyme crop, but differences in the yield of essential oil were not remarkable. However, the use of certain amounts of nitrogen fertilizers resulted in higher yields of essential oil obtainable from the cultivation area unit (dm(3) ha(-1)). Totally, 61 constituents were identified in thyme essential oil by capillary GC and GC-MS. Thymol was the dominating compound in the all analyzed oils (44.4-58.1 \%), followed by p-cymene (9.1-18.5\%), gamma-terpinene (6.9-18.9\%), and carvacrol (2.4-4.2\%). Differences in the percentage of these and other compounds in thyme herb cultivated under different fertilization doses were not significant; very slight changes in the percentage composition were detected after drying. Some variations in the amount of individual constituents expressed in arbitrary units per kilogram of herb (which is almost equivalent to mg kg(-1)) were observed. The highest amounts of sugars and sucrose, in particular, were determined in the second year of thyme cultivation. Differences in the content of dry soluble substances were not meaningful, and there was no effect of nitrogen fertilizers on this chemical characteristic. Some effect of fertilization on the content of vitamin C and carotenes was observed in the first year of thyme cultivation. It was determined that nitrogen fertilizers influence the amount of nitrates, which was highest in the second-year-first-harvest.},
	keywords = {Chemical composition, Essential oil, Labiatae, Nitrogen fertilizers, Thyme, Thymus vulgaris, Yield},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0348110236\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Baranauskiene, R and Venskutonis, P R and Viskelis, P}
}
