@article {1909,
	title = {Supercritical fluid extraction of volatile compounds from lavandin and thyme},
	journal = {Flavour and Fragrance Journal},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 29},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {157 - 165},
	address = {Affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Budapest, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Institute of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University of Medicine, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; Affiliation: Department of General, Technica},
	abstract = {Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of lavandin flowers and thyme herb using carbon dioxide was carried out under different extraction conditions. A stepwise increase of the extraction pressure resulted in the fractionation of the extracts into liquid and pasty products. Investigations on other ways of fractionation of the extracts were conducted, such as a single extraction and release of carbon dioxide at two stages by using two separators in series to effect the separation of the dissolved components. The SFE products were compared with essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation. In the case of lavandin flowers, SFE products were found to be markedly different from the corresponding steam distilled oil. A remarkable amount of α-terpineol was present, and the ratio of linalol to linalyl acetate was extremely high in the steam-distilled essential oil in comparison with the supercritical fluid extract, which resulted from the hydrolysis of components during steam distillation. SFE of thyme gave a product which contained 10-15\% thymol and 30-35\% carvacrol, while steam distillation produced an oil containing 48-50\% thymol and only 8-10\% carvacrol. When the SFE products were collected as separate samples successively in time, marked changes were observed in the composition of the samples as the extraction progressed. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of lavandin flowers and thyme herb using carbon dioxide was carried out under different extraction conditions. A stepwise increase of the extraction pressure resulted in the fractionation of the extracts into liquid and pasty products. Investigations on other ways of fractionation of the extracts were conducted, such as a single extraction and release of carbon dioxide at two stages by using two separators in series to effect the separation of the dissolved components. The SFE products were compared with essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation. In the case of lavandin flowers, SFE products were found to be markedly different from the corresponding steam distilled oil. A remarkable amount of α-terpineol was present, and the ratio of linalol to linalyl acetate was extremely high in the steam-distilled essential oil in comparison with the supercritical fluid extract, which resulted from the hydrolysis of components during steam distillation. SFE of thyme gave a product which contained 10-15\% thymol and 30-35\% carvacrol, while steam distillation produced an oil containing 48-50\% thymol and only 8-10\% carvacrol. When the SFE products were collected as separate samples successively in time, marked changes were observed in the composition of the samples as the extraction progressed.},
	keywords = {Carbon dioxide, Lamiaceae, Lavandin, Lavandula intermedia Emeric ex Loisel, Supercritical fluid extraction, Thyme, Thymus vulgaris L., Volatiles},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029977760\&partnerID=40\&rel=R6.5.0},
	author = {Oszagyán, M and Simándi, B and Sawinsky, J and Kéry, Á and Lemberkovics, E and Fekete, J}
}
@article {1838,
	title = {Characterization and TLC-bioautographic detection of essential oils from some Thymus Taxa. Determination of the activity of the oils and their components against plant pathogenic bacteria},
	journal = {Jpc-Journal of Planar Chromatography-Modern Tlc},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2004},
	note = {PT: J},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {300 - 304},
	abstract = {The chemical composition of the oils of four thyme (Lamiaceae) chemotypes (Thymus vulgaris L., Thymus serpyllum L., Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb., and Thymus x citriodorus "Archer{\textquoteright}s Gold") has been determined by gas chromatography (GC). Thymol was the main component of the oils of Thymus vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum, geraniol was the main component of the oil of Thymus x citriodorus, and carvacrol was the main component of the oil of Thymus x chriodorus "Archer{\textquoteright}s Gold". The bioactivity of the volatile oil of Thymus vulgaris and of the three main components of the oils against Gram negative plant pathogenic bacteria was examined by direct bioautography. They had an inhibitory effect on all of the test microorganisms. Two bacterial strains (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola) were most sensitive in the bioautographic system and use of these bacteria would considerably shorten the process of bioautographic detection. The two antibiotics gentamycin and streptomycin were used as controls.},
	author = {Horvath, G and Szabo, L G and Lemberkovics, E and Botz, L and Kocsis, B}
}
